Heresy and the English Reformation
Bogomil-Cathar Influence on Wycliffe, Langland, Tyndale and Milton
Heresy and the English Reformation
Bogomil-Cathar Influence on Wycliffe, Langland, Tyndale and Milton
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Medieval Europe was a hotbed of revolt against religious dogma. Particularly offensive to the established church were the views of the Cathars, whose dualist beliefs Rome condemned as heretical.
Through a variety of literary works, this book explores the dualist religious movement which developed as a culture of the masses and took place in Europe between the 12th and 17th centuries. It examines the strong parallels between the Bogomils and Cathars and the religious practices of the British Lollards, extrapolating Lollardy's spread from eastern to western Europe. Providing numerous text comparisons, the work focuses on a number of authors including John Wycliffe, William Tynsdale, William Langland and John Milton, whose works exhibit the dualist philosophy.
Preface
Introduction: The Dualist Heresy—Bridging the Island to the Continent During the Middle Ages
European Genesis
The Dualist Pre-Renaissance
1. BOGOMILS AND LOLLARDS
Penetration into England
Text Comparison
Cultural Activity of the Bulgarian and English Dualists
Appendix to Chapter 1: Cathars and Waldenses
2. TRACES OF THE BOGOMIL MOVEMENT IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
The Linguistic History of the Word “Bugger”
Hidden Identity
Appendix to Chapter 2: The Good Name of Bogomils and Cathars
3. THE HERESY AND WOMEN
Women’s Emancipation and the Bogomils
Women in Catharo-Provençal Civilization
Lollard Women: Outstanding Personalities
Appendix to Chapter 3: The Right of Women to Ordain and to Shrive
4. JOHN WYCLIFFE AND THE DUALISTS
Our Bread Over Another Substance
Dualistic Arguments in Wycliffe
The Specific New Testament Vocabulary of Wycliffite Translations
From haeresia Bulgarorum to exemplum Bulgaricum
Appendix to Chapter 4: Anglicization in the Wycliffe and King James Bibles
5. DUALIST IDEAS IN THE WORKS OF TYNDALE
Tyndale—The Covert Dualist
The Reformation Potential of Dualism
Dualist Influence in the Two English Translations of the Scriptures
Appendix to Chapter 5: Updating the Evaluation of Tyndale
6. BOGOMIL-CATHAR IMAGERY AND THEOLOGY IN THE VISION OF PIERS PLOWMAN
The Fall of Lucifer
Christ Descends into Hell and Sets All Souls Free
The Bulgarian Image of Christ the Ploughman and Piers Plowman
Appendix to Chapter 6: Delivering the Souls . . . . . . . . . . .
7. THE SPIRITUAL KINSHIP BETWEEN PARADISE LOST AND THE SECRET BOOK OF THE BOGOMILS
Speculation and Miltonian Self-Identification
Doctrinal Expressions
Bogomil Imagery in the Works of Milton
17th Century Waldensian Translocations
Conclusion
Chapter Notes
Bibliography
Index