Western Monasticism
A History of the Monastic Movement in the Latin Church
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Christians have been drawn to monastic life nearly as long as Christianity has existed. Dedicating themselves to prayer, meditation, and good works, men and women in many diverse times and places have been willing to abstain from marriage, sexual relations, and personal ownership to serve God single-mindedly.
In this overview of the Latin tradition, Peter King, emeritus senior lecturer of medieval history at Saint Andrew's University, leads readers quickly but deftly along the rugged monastic road from late antique Egypt to the present day, passing through spectacular expansion in medieval Europe, dissolution during the Reformation, retrenchment at the Counter Reformation, condemnation during the Enlightenment, destruction at the hands of revolutionaries, refoundation and new vigor during the nineteenth and the ecumenical twentieth centuries.
Preface 9
Abbreviations 11
List of Illustrations 13
Chapter 1 Egypt 15
Chapter 2 The Beginnings of Monasticism in the West 33
Chapter 3 Gaul, Spain, Ireland 59
Chapter 4 Saint Benedict and Sixth-Century Italy 83
Chapter 5 A Second Benedict and his Progeny 103
Chapter 6 Monasticism in an Age of Reform 131
Chapter 7 White Monks, Black Monks 159
Chapter 8 Religious Women in the High Middle Ages 195
Chapter 9 Decay and Renewal: The Late Middle Ages 229
Chapter 10 Catholic Monasticism under the Counter reformation 273
Chapter 11 The Whirlwind 317
Chapter 12 Western Monasticism in the Nineteenth Century 341
Chapter 13 Monasticism in the Lutheran, Anglican, Presbyterian, and Free Churches 383
Chapter 14 The Twentieth Century 421
Select Bibliography 437
Index of Persons and Places 465