Encounters between European civilization and Islam in history; Russia's destiny and Islam; Muslim-Christian relations in Egypt; Central Asia - from communism to democracy and Islam?; Islam in Tatar national ideology and policy; Islam, Christianity and new religious trends in Tartarstan; Ethnoreligious minorities and Islamic sociopolitical thought; Muslim immigrant communities and their impact on foreign policy in Western Europe; Islamic fundamentalism and the construction of the self in post-modern society.