First and Second Thessalonians
Christian Communities Transforming Society
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The letters First and Second Thessalonians are traditionally associated with the Pauline foundation of the Macedonian Church at Thessalonica. The first is seen as representing Paul's earliest epistolary efforts and as providing two successive moments in his long relationship as advisor to that community. Soon after leaving the area for the southern province of Achaia, Paul addresses the concerns of the new Gentile converts and at a later period responds more directly to queries received from the thriving and successful community. The second document, written in Paul's name and at a later date, attempts to calm the apocalyptic fervor of the community by reiterating its traditional eschatological and Christological teaching.
After treating these introductory matters, this study provides a new translation of each section of the canonical text, explains in notes the pertinent textual and linguistic features of the text, and then offers in a series of interpretive messages a literary, rhetorical, and thematic analysis of the biblical documents. The constant concern of this commentary is to provide assistance to modern readers in discerning the relationship between the authors and their intended readers. Short bibliographies suggest other important modern studies. Includes an updated bibliography as an appendix.
Editor's Preface vii
Preface ix
Abbreviations xiii
Introduction
1. Thessalonian Milieu of the Mission 2
2. Circumstances of Mission and Correspondence according to Acts 3
3. New Views on the Pauline Mission and 1 Thessalonians 7
4. Paulinist Character and Occasion of 2 Thessalonians 19
5. Reading the Thessalonian Correspondence 29
6. General Bibliography 32
Translation, Notes, Interpretation
FIRST THESSALONIANS
I. Later Missive, Part 1—1:1-2:12
1. Epistolary Opening (1:1) 37
2. Thanksgiving (1:2-10) 45
3. Missionary Behavior as Paraenetic Model (2:1-12) 77
II. Early Missive—2:13-4:2
4. Thanksgiving (2:13) 111
5. The Jews and Divine Retribution (2:14-16)—An Interpolation 119
6. Reasons for Concern and Frustration (2:17-20) 128
7. Timothy's Mission (3:1-5) 139
8. Timothy's Return and Report (3:6-8) 153
9. Paul's Joy and Prayer (3:9-13) 163
10. Closing Exhortation (4:1-2) 178
III. Later Missive, Part 2—4:3-5:28
11. Initial Exhortation on Holiness (4:3-8) 186
12. On Love of Others (4:1-12) 209
13. On the Faithful Departed and the Parousia (4:13-18) 224
14. On Being Ready for the Lord's Return (5:1-11) 249
15. Final Exhortation on Community Life (5:12-22) 267
16. Final Prayer and Epistolary Closing (5:23-28) 284
SECOND THESSALONIANS
17. Epistolary Opening (1:1-2) 295
18. First Thanksgiving (1:3-12) 301
19. Concerning the Lord's Day (2:1-12) 322
20. Second Thanksgiving (2:13-17) 355
21. Mutual Prayer (3:1-5) 368
22. Command and Exhortation (3:6-16) 378
23. Epistolary Closing (3:17-18) 393
Indexes
1. Principal Ancient Parallels 397
2. Subjects 405
3. Authors 408
Supplementary Bibliography 411